so extensive are the ecosystems living within the park, that in a recent survey 218 different plant species were found in the park, as well as at least 220 species of birds, 79 species of mammals, 38 species of reptiles, and 12 species of amphibians, amongst countless insects and fish. some of the rare and iconic examples include the capuchin monkey, the raccoon, bush cats, pit vipers and green anacondas.

other than the incredible array of biodiversity upon the peaks of the park, there are a number of activities undertaken on the slopes, as well as some cultural important sites. one of the most popular activities is hiking, and with the great diversity of mountain and hills to navigate, there are options for all different skill and fitness levels.

one of the most popular hikes, is the challenging journey to the pico da pedra branca, and, at a staggering 1,025 meters above sea level, making it the highest peak in rio de janeiro. it is a famously long walk, with steep inclines, which can take up to four and a half hours, so it is not recommended for novice hikers.