typically, within ecological reserves allotment, urbanization works, construction of buildings, waterworks, roads, embankments, excavations, and the destruction of forests are prohibited.

ecological reserves are open to the public, with restrictions normally applying only to the type of economic and touristic activities allowed within. permits are only required for activities that would impact the ecosystem in any way.

a special type of ecological reserve, classified as 'extrativista' (extractive), such as the marine extractive reserve of arraial do cabo, are designed for sustainable use by the population.