three different programs are analyzed in their proper political, economic and social contexts - the Projeto Mutirão, which was developed between 1981 and 1989, the Favela - Bairro program, developed between 1992 and 2009 and Finally the Morar Carioca program, launched through a competition of methods for upgrading in 2010, with a reach yet to be evaluated

published by the Secretaria Municipal de Urbanismo Instituto Municipal de Urbanismo Pereira Passos, the study O efeito da presença governamental sobre a expansão horizontal das favelas do Rio de Janeiro: os Pouso's e o Programa Favela-Bairro  (The effect of government presence on the horizontal expansion of the favelas of Rio de Janeiro: the Pouso's and the Favela-Bairro Program) by Adriana Vial and Fernando Cavallieri analyzes the changes in the growth of favelas in metropolitan rio de janeiro, with attention to the favelas that were benefitted by the favela-bairro program and by post-urbanization programs such as the 'pousos,' local offices for social and urban and social guidance.