for an academic assessment, t he study Da 'metáfora da guerra' ao projeto de 'pacificação': favelas e políticas de segurança pública no Rio de Janeiro (from metaphorical war to the pacification project: favelas and public security policies in rio de janeiro) by professor Márcia Pereira Leite from the Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, examines the social construction of favelas in two contexts. in the first instance, the study cover the years 1990 to 2000 showing the war waged against criminal organizations, while the second focuses on the work done as of 2008.

published by the Instituto de Segurança Pública - ISP, respect as an answer to youth crime in favelas: a study of the prevention of youth crime in the favelas of rio de janeiro, by cultural anthropologist floortje van soest at utrecht university provides insight into the world of drug gangs from the angle of social science.