Brazil and Romania first formed diplomatic ties in 1928 and in the same year Romania opened a representative institute in rio de janeiro - the relations between the two nations were separated during world war two and fairly distant during the rule of communism in Romania.

since the 1990s several presidential visits have occurred between Romania and Brazil, marking the intensification of relations between the two countries, culminating in the 2010 visit of the chanceler from Brazil to Bucarest, the first one in more than 80 years.